Types and Various Kind of Figure of Speech
Figure of speech can be defined as a way of describing something by equating it with something else (KBBI). But in general figure of speech can also be regarded as a style or way used by writers to create certain effects on readers. Methods used are very diverse. Figure of speech in the Indonesian language is divided into four types, namely:
1. Comparative figure of speech
2. Opposition figure of speech
3. Figure of speech satire
4. Figure of speech assertion
As mentioned above, has some kind of figure of speech. Of these species there are many kinds of figure of speech.
1. Comparative figure of speech, figure of speech figure of speech which the comparison is used to express something by comparing it with something else. There are several kinds of figure of speech figure of speech which included the type of comparison, the personification, hyperbole, the Association, litotes, metaphor, metonymy, euphemism, and sinekdokhe. The definition and examples of several kinds of figure of speech is as follows:
a. Personification is a figure of speech figure of speech used to clarify the intent to make the depicted objects can behave like humans. Or in other words a way of speaking to animate inanimate objects with given properties as that of humans (personification).
Example: The sun came out of the dusk, the sky black clouds carve.
b. Hyperbole is a figure of speech figure of speech to express something extravagant.
Example: His voice splitting the sky, its power as strong as an ox.
c. Association of the figure of speech figure of speech that compares one with another state in accordance with the circumstances that he describes (a commonality of properties).
Example: Her thoughts tangled like threads torn chicken, their faces are very similar as nut halves.
d. Figure of speech metaphor, that figure of speech that describes something with membandingkanya with something else that was noticed something really good shape or nature of the listener / reader.
Example: When you meet with the sharks? ; I was amazed at the beauty of the village flower.
e. Litotes figure of speech, that figure of speech to express something to humble themselves because of something or that otherwise do not fit the real situation.
Example: Receive the goods are worthless as a keepsake; Stop to the first hut.
f. Figure of speech metonymy, that figure of speech to express something to replace a character, or name, or something that are characteristic of these objects.
Example: I went to Jakarta Garuda up.
g. Euphemism figure of speech, that figure of speech to express thoughts or feelings by using words with a good sense in order not to offend people. Euphemism can also be expressions of smoothing to replace words that felt less polite.
Example: Since her husband left, he was a little less insane; Andi ability to understand the lessons a little slow.
h. Sinekdokhe figure of speech, that figure of speech to say something to mention the parts of its parts, or vice versa. Sinekdokhe divided into two, namely tutom pro parte (stating in part to the whole) and the pars pro toto (to mention a whole but which are intended in part only).
Example: World War II ended in 1942 (totum pro parte)
I have not seen long nose (pars pro totot).
Figure of speech figure of speech that reveals the contradiction that is anything but a statement of intent to the contrary. Figure of speech which included the type of figure of speech figure of speech contention that paradox, antithesis figure of speech, and the figure of speech interminis contradiction.
a. The paradox figure of speech, which suggests that the figure of speech that seems contradictory, but actually not as different objects are presented.
Example: In a crowded place like this, my heart feels lonely.
b. Figure of speech Antithesis, the disclosure by the words that contradict each other.
Example: Old young, small and great, rich and poor have equal responsibility before God.
c. Contradiction Interminis figure of speech, which is a style that shows something contrary to what has been said before.
Example: Andi invites all his friends, except Dono.
the figure of speech or style of language used to insinuate someone or something. There are several kinds of figure of speech which included the satirical figure of speech, figure of speech such as irony, figure of speech cynicism, sarcasm and the figure of speech.
a. Irony figure of speech, which is a sarcastic way of saying the opposite.
Example: This drink is sweet, sugar is expensive, yes, now?
Really good writing, to the extent that I can not read.
b. Cynicism figure of speech, figure of speech which states that direct allusions
Example: shameful deeds!
c. Sarcasm figure of speech, which is a figure of speech in the form of ridicule or satire with harsh words.
Example: O ye deaf, called from was not coming, coming, too!
Basic bum, begging just work!
Figure of speech figure of speech or a statement of affirmation that is used to reinforce the statement stated. There are several types of this figure of speech, for example, figure of speech climax, anticlimax, redundancy, and repetition.
a. Climax figure of speech, figure of speech or manner that suggests an idea or a situation with a sort of lower level to a higher level.
Example: Instead of one person, ten people, or even 100 people will be my face without fear as long as I am right.
b. Anticlimactic figure of speech, a statement prepared in sequence from the most high, diminishing, and diminishing down to the lowest.
Example: Let a hundred thousand, ten thousand, a thousand, a hundred dollars I was not going to spend money to buy illicit goods.
c. Figure of speech redundancy, which is a way to clarify intent by using the word excess.
Example: We should and must respect each other.
d. Figure of speech repetition or repetition is a way to strengthen the meaning or intent by repeating the word or phrase that means is about to be strengthened.
Example: To achieve your ambition, the one thing you must remember is to learn, learn, and once again learn.