Optimizing the Role of Literature in Character Formation Nation
Optimizing the Role of Literature in Character Formation Nation
Pragmatic attitude to life than most of today's society Indonesia noble cause erosion of the nation's cultural values. Similarly, culture of violence and social anarchism helped aggravate social and cultural conditions of Indonesia. The value of local wisdom (local wisdom) are polite, friendly, respectful, wise, and religious as if eroded and reduced instantaneously and modern lifestyle. Society is very easily ignited their emotions, bad-tempered, brutal, coarse, and vulgar without being able to control their desires, such as the behavior of the protesters who set fire to vehicles or homes, damaging buildings, and said harshly, in a rally that aired on television. This phenomenon may be a representation of the weakening of this nation's character, known for friendly, courteous, berpekerti noble, and virtuous.
As a civilized and dignified nation, such a situation is obviously disadvantageous for the future of the nation, especially in the birth of the nation's future generation of intelligent, wise, skilled, intellectual, noble character, noble degree, civilized high, and always devoted to God in one God. Therefore, it takes a paradigm of psychiatric education-oriented character of the nation, are not just chasing the interests of cognitive (thinking, reasoning, and logic), but also pay attention to and integrate the moral issues and nobility of character. This is in line with Law No. 20 Year 2003 regarding National Education System, which is a function of education is to develop skills and build character and civilization of the nation's dignity in the context of the intellectual life of the nation and to develop the potential of learners in order to become a man of faith and fear of Almighty God, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become citizens of a democratic and responsible.
Psychiatric education oriented to the formation of national character that can be realized through optimization of the role of literature. To shape the character of this nation, literature is treated as one of the media or the means of mental education. It is quite reasonable because the literature contains ethical and moral values related to life and human life. Literature does not just talk about themselves (psychologically), but also relates to God (religiosity), the universe (Romanesque), as well as society (sociological). Literature can reveal many things from various aspects. Many options genre of literature that can be used as a means or sources of the formation of the nation's character.
Big Indonesian Dictionary (2008:623) explains that the character is a trait or characteristic of mental, moral, or character that distinguish one person from another; nature; character. Character is the value of human behavior related to the one God, yourself, fellow humans, the environment, and nationhood embodied in thoughts, attitudes, feelings, words, and actions based on religious norms, laws, manners, culture, and customs . Character is also a way of thinking and behaving that is the hallmark of every individual to live and work together, both within the family, community, nation, or country. Good characteristics of individuals who are individuals capable of making a decision and be ready to account for any consequences of decisions made. Related to the character, Saryono (2009:52-186) argues that the literary genre that can be used as a means to shape the character of the nation, among others, literary genre that contains the value or aspect (1) literary-aesthetic, (2) humanistic, (3) ethical and moral, and (4) religious-sufistis-prophetic. Fourth literary value is deemed able to optimize the role of literature in forming the character of the nation.
Literary genre that contains the value of literary-aesthetic is a genre of literature that contains the value of beauty, elegance, splendor, pleasure, and keterpanaan made possible by all the elements contained in the literature. In ancient Javanese aesthetic idiom, genre of literature that contains the value of literary-aesthetic called kalangwan (Zoetmulder, 1985). Classic works of literature or literary works into literary canon (belle lettres) contains the value of literary-aesthetic. For example, poetry Taufiq Ismail (2008a) collected in the deep-rooted to Earth Reaching to Heaven Poems 1953-2008 contains a set of literary-aesthetic value with a set of poetic devices (diction, rhyme, flow, style, figure of speech, theme, and the mandate) are integrated as well. With literary-aesthetic values contained in the literary canon, it is expected that national character is formed Indonesia beings who have a sense of beauty, beauty, and elegance in thinking, say, and behave in everyday life.
Literary genre containing humanistic values is a genre of literature that contains human values, upholding human dignity, as well as describing the situation and the human condition in dealing with various problems. The classic tale of Ramayana and Mahabharata, for instance, presents a variety of human experience, such as tragedy, death, love, hope, loyalty, power, meaning and purpose of life, and the transcendental. Human values are so high in the works of classical literature is often rewritten (reproduced) by later writers. Children Novels Bajang Sindhunata works to Drive Wind (1983) and The Book of Shit Gumira Seno Aji Darma's work (2004) was written based on the Ramayana story is full of human values. The presence of such literary works are expected to form the cultural wisdom of Indonesia which has a fair sense of humanity, civilized, and dignified.
Literary genre that contains ethical and moral values in literature refers to the human experience in attitude and action, implement the right and wrong, and how should the obligations and responsibilities of human beings do. Already since the first work of literature is treated as a vehicle storage and nurses ethical and moral values, such as Ramayana, Mahabharata, Wulangreh (Pakubuana IV), Wedhatama (Mangkunegara IV), and Kalatidha (R.Ng. Ranggawarsito), has been regarded as a store and nurses norm ethical and moral ideal for the community. Deposits and maintainability ethical and moral norms can be used as a vehicle for the formation of the nation's character is more ethical and moral priority to behave and act in everyday life.
Literary-religious-prophetic sufistis is a genre of literature that presents the spiritual and transcendental experiences. Such a literary genre that has long existed that Mangunwijaya (1982) stated that initially all the religious literature. All literature was originally used as a means of thought and remembrance of human will power, majesty, wisdom, and justice of God Almighty. Human longing for God, even the proximity of human relationship with God, has long written in a literary work of the Sufis, like Hamzah Fansuri, Nuruddin Ar Raniri, Al Halaj, Amir Hamza, Abdul Hadi, Sutardji Calzoum Bachri, and Danarto. Taufiq Ismail (2008b) in his book, rooted to the Earth Reaching to the Sky 4 The set of lyrics from 1972 to 2008, has written hundreds of poems-sufistis religious-prophetic, including 23 of the prophets and apostles ballad, sung by Bimbo, Haddad Alwi, Armand Maulana , Gita Velasquez, and Tim Christensen. The presence of such literature can shape the character of the nation of Indonesia as a religious man, full of devotion, faith, and the fear of Almighty God in everyday life.
To make the literature as the formation of national character, not necessarily things that can be realized. To optimize the role of literature is, will greatly determine the success apresiator. If apresiator not have the will, reluctant to read and appreciate literature, even just reading and then forgotten, of literature can hardly be expected to form optimally serve the nation's character. Conversely, if there is willingness by the firm from a apresiator to appreciate in total and optimal, after the literature read, and understood its meaning, understood, and further implemented in daily life, of national character will be formed in accordance with the virtues contained in the literature. Character of the nation is expected to form intertwining harmony of human relationships with God, the universe, other creatures, and himself.
Sources: http://pusatbahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/lamanv42/
By: Lustantini Septiningsih
bibliography
Ajidarma, Seno Gumira. 2006. Kitab Omong Kosong. Cetakan Kedua. Yogyakarta: Bentang Budaya.
Anoegrajekti, Novi et al. (Ed.). 2010. Idiosinkrasi: Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Bahasa dan Sastra. Jakarta-Yogyakarta: UNJ dan Kepel Press.
Damono, Sapardi Djoko. 1999. Politik Ideologi dan Sastra Hibrida. Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus.
Darma, Budi. 2004. Pengantar Teori Sastra. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikian Nasional.
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2003. Undang-Undang tentang Sistem Pendidikan. Jakarta.
--------. 2008. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Edisi Keempat. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Effendi, S. 1982. Bimbingan Apresiasi Puisi. Jakarta: Tangga Mustika Alam.
Ismail, Taufiq. 2008a. Mengakar ke Bumi Menggapai ke Langit 1 Himpunan Puisi 1953—2008. Jakarta: Majalah Sastra Horison.
--------. 2008b. Mengakar ke Bumi Menggapai ke Langit 4 Himpunan Lirik Lagu 1972—2008. Jakarta: Majalah Sastra Horison.
Mangunwijaya, Y.B. 1982. Sastra dan Religiusitas. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan.
Santosa, Puji. 1996. Pengetahuan dan Apresiasi Sastra dalam Tanya Jawab. Ende-Flores: Nusa Indah.
--------. 2003. Bahtera Kandas di Bukit: Kajian Semiotika Sajak-Sajak Nuh. Surakarta: Tiga Serangkai Pustaka Mandiri.
Santosa, Puji dkk. 2007. Menulis 2. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka.
Saryono, Djoko. 2009. Dasar Apresiasi Sastra. Yogyakarta: Elmatera Publishing.
Sindhunata, 1988. Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin. Jakarta: Kompas.
Teeuw, A. 1984. Sastra dan Ilmu Sastra. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.
Wellek, Rene dan Austin Warren. 1989. Teori Kesusastraan. Terjemahan Melani Budianta. Jakarta: Gramedia
Pragmatic attitude to life than most of today's society Indonesia noble cause erosion of the nation's cultural values. Similarly, culture of violence and social anarchism helped aggravate social and cultural conditions of Indonesia. The value of local wisdom (local wisdom) are polite, friendly, respectful, wise, and religious as if eroded and reduced instantaneously and modern lifestyle. Society is very easily ignited their emotions, bad-tempered, brutal, coarse, and vulgar without being able to control their desires, such as the behavior of the protesters who set fire to vehicles or homes, damaging buildings, and said harshly, in a rally that aired on television. This phenomenon may be a representation of the weakening of this nation's character, known for friendly, courteous, berpekerti noble, and virtuous.
As a civilized and dignified nation, such a situation is obviously disadvantageous for the future of the nation, especially in the birth of the nation's future generation of intelligent, wise, skilled, intellectual, noble character, noble degree, civilized high, and always devoted to God in one God. Therefore, it takes a paradigm of psychiatric education-oriented character of the nation, are not just chasing the interests of cognitive (thinking, reasoning, and logic), but also pay attention to and integrate the moral issues and nobility of character. This is in line with Law No. 20 Year 2003 regarding National Education System, which is a function of education is to develop skills and build character and civilization of the nation's dignity in the context of the intellectual life of the nation and to develop the potential of learners in order to become a man of faith and fear of Almighty God, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become citizens of a democratic and responsible.
Psychiatric education oriented to the formation of national character that can be realized through optimization of the role of literature. To shape the character of this nation, literature is treated as one of the media or the means of mental education. It is quite reasonable because the literature contains ethical and moral values related to life and human life. Literature does not just talk about themselves (psychologically), but also relates to God (religiosity), the universe (Romanesque), as well as society (sociological). Literature can reveal many things from various aspects. Many options genre of literature that can be used as a means or sources of the formation of the nation's character.
Big Indonesian Dictionary (2008:623) explains that the character is a trait or characteristic of mental, moral, or character that distinguish one person from another; nature; character. Character is the value of human behavior related to the one God, yourself, fellow humans, the environment, and nationhood embodied in thoughts, attitudes, feelings, words, and actions based on religious norms, laws, manners, culture, and customs . Character is also a way of thinking and behaving that is the hallmark of every individual to live and work together, both within the family, community, nation, or country. Good characteristics of individuals who are individuals capable of making a decision and be ready to account for any consequences of decisions made. Related to the character, Saryono (2009:52-186) argues that the literary genre that can be used as a means to shape the character of the nation, among others, literary genre that contains the value or aspect (1) literary-aesthetic, (2) humanistic, (3) ethical and moral, and (4) religious-sufistis-prophetic. Fourth literary value is deemed able to optimize the role of literature in forming the character of the nation.
Literary genre that contains the value of literary-aesthetic is a genre of literature that contains the value of beauty, elegance, splendor, pleasure, and keterpanaan made possible by all the elements contained in the literature. In ancient Javanese aesthetic idiom, genre of literature that contains the value of literary-aesthetic called kalangwan (Zoetmulder, 1985). Classic works of literature or literary works into literary canon (belle lettres) contains the value of literary-aesthetic. For example, poetry Taufiq Ismail (2008a) collected in the deep-rooted to Earth Reaching to Heaven Poems 1953-2008 contains a set of literary-aesthetic value with a set of poetic devices (diction, rhyme, flow, style, figure of speech, theme, and the mandate) are integrated as well. With literary-aesthetic values contained in the literary canon, it is expected that national character is formed Indonesia beings who have a sense of beauty, beauty, and elegance in thinking, say, and behave in everyday life.
Literary genre containing humanistic values is a genre of literature that contains human values, upholding human dignity, as well as describing the situation and the human condition in dealing with various problems. The classic tale of Ramayana and Mahabharata, for instance, presents a variety of human experience, such as tragedy, death, love, hope, loyalty, power, meaning and purpose of life, and the transcendental. Human values are so high in the works of classical literature is often rewritten (reproduced) by later writers. Children Novels Bajang Sindhunata works to Drive Wind (1983) and The Book of Shit Gumira Seno Aji Darma's work (2004) was written based on the Ramayana story is full of human values. The presence of such literary works are expected to form the cultural wisdom of Indonesia which has a fair sense of humanity, civilized, and dignified.
Literary genre that contains ethical and moral values in literature refers to the human experience in attitude and action, implement the right and wrong, and how should the obligations and responsibilities of human beings do. Already since the first work of literature is treated as a vehicle storage and nurses ethical and moral values, such as Ramayana, Mahabharata, Wulangreh (Pakubuana IV), Wedhatama (Mangkunegara IV), and Kalatidha (R.Ng. Ranggawarsito), has been regarded as a store and nurses norm ethical and moral ideal for the community. Deposits and maintainability ethical and moral norms can be used as a vehicle for the formation of the nation's character is more ethical and moral priority to behave and act in everyday life.
Literary-religious-prophetic sufistis is a genre of literature that presents the spiritual and transcendental experiences. Such a literary genre that has long existed that Mangunwijaya (1982) stated that initially all the religious literature. All literature was originally used as a means of thought and remembrance of human will power, majesty, wisdom, and justice of God Almighty. Human longing for God, even the proximity of human relationship with God, has long written in a literary work of the Sufis, like Hamzah Fansuri, Nuruddin Ar Raniri, Al Halaj, Amir Hamza, Abdul Hadi, Sutardji Calzoum Bachri, and Danarto. Taufiq Ismail (2008b) in his book, rooted to the Earth Reaching to the Sky 4 The set of lyrics from 1972 to 2008, has written hundreds of poems-sufistis religious-prophetic, including 23 of the prophets and apostles ballad, sung by Bimbo, Haddad Alwi, Armand Maulana , Gita Velasquez, and Tim Christensen. The presence of such literature can shape the character of the nation of Indonesia as a religious man, full of devotion, faith, and the fear of Almighty God in everyday life.
To make the literature as the formation of national character, not necessarily things that can be realized. To optimize the role of literature is, will greatly determine the success apresiator. If apresiator not have the will, reluctant to read and appreciate literature, even just reading and then forgotten, of literature can hardly be expected to form optimally serve the nation's character. Conversely, if there is willingness by the firm from a apresiator to appreciate in total and optimal, after the literature read, and understood its meaning, understood, and further implemented in daily life, of national character will be formed in accordance with the virtues contained in the literature. Character of the nation is expected to form intertwining harmony of human relationships with God, the universe, other creatures, and himself.
Sources: http://pusatbahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/lamanv42/
By: Lustantini Septiningsih
bibliography
Ajidarma, Seno Gumira. 2006. Kitab Omong Kosong. Cetakan Kedua. Yogyakarta: Bentang Budaya.
Anoegrajekti, Novi et al. (Ed.). 2010. Idiosinkrasi: Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Bahasa dan Sastra. Jakarta-Yogyakarta: UNJ dan Kepel Press.
Damono, Sapardi Djoko. 1999. Politik Ideologi dan Sastra Hibrida. Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus.
Darma, Budi. 2004. Pengantar Teori Sastra. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikian Nasional.
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2003. Undang-Undang tentang Sistem Pendidikan. Jakarta.
--------. 2008. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Edisi Keempat. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Effendi, S. 1982. Bimbingan Apresiasi Puisi. Jakarta: Tangga Mustika Alam.
Ismail, Taufiq. 2008a. Mengakar ke Bumi Menggapai ke Langit 1 Himpunan Puisi 1953—2008. Jakarta: Majalah Sastra Horison.
--------. 2008b. Mengakar ke Bumi Menggapai ke Langit 4 Himpunan Lirik Lagu 1972—2008. Jakarta: Majalah Sastra Horison.
Mangunwijaya, Y.B. 1982. Sastra dan Religiusitas. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan.
Santosa, Puji. 1996. Pengetahuan dan Apresiasi Sastra dalam Tanya Jawab. Ende-Flores: Nusa Indah.
--------. 2003. Bahtera Kandas di Bukit: Kajian Semiotika Sajak-Sajak Nuh. Surakarta: Tiga Serangkai Pustaka Mandiri.
Santosa, Puji dkk. 2007. Menulis 2. Jakarta: Universitas Terbuka.
Saryono, Djoko. 2009. Dasar Apresiasi Sastra. Yogyakarta: Elmatera Publishing.
Sindhunata, 1988. Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin. Jakarta: Kompas.
Teeuw, A. 1984. Sastra dan Ilmu Sastra. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.
Wellek, Rene dan Austin Warren. 1989. Teori Kesusastraan. Terjemahan Melani Budianta. Jakarta: Gramedia